There's a growing divide between Europe's airlines when it comes to climate policy engagement, with legacy carriers more negative than their low-cost competitors, new research by climate think tank InfluenceMap shows.
The report draws on hundreds of pieces of evidence scored against Paris-aligned government and science-based benchmarks, as well as data from more than 10 Freedom of Information (FOI) requests from the European Commission and the UK Government.
While there has been broad improvement in the climate lobbying positions across the aviation sector in Europe since InfluenceMap's 2021 report, this updated research highlights the ongoing gap between the industry's top-line support for net zero emissions and its opposition to near-term policies designed to achieve that goal. The sector also continues to compare negatively with the wider corporate landscape in Europe.
The analysis shows low-cost airlines easyJet (C+), Wizz Air (C-), and Ryanair (D+) now score slightly higher than the legacy airlines within the European aviation sector on InfluenceMap's A-to-F system of measuring climate policy engagement.
By comparison, <b.Air France-KLM, (D), International Airlines Group (IAG) (D), and Lufthansa (D-) score the lowest, broadly matched by the European-focused industry group Airlines for Europe (A4E) (D) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) (D-).
InfluenceMap transport analyst Lucca Ewbank said: "The aviation sector remains one of the key opponents of effective climate policy in Europe. However there have been some notable shifts within the industry during the past year - in particular from low-cost airlines which have been more vocal in support of some aspects of EU climate policy.
"This is contrast to the legacy airlines which have all stated top-line support for net zero by 2050, but are continuing to lobby against a broad range of policies that would help achieve that goal.
"There is now a fairly clear divide between low-cost airlines and their legacy competitors when it comes to climate policy engagement in Europe."
The report includes links to full company profiles, as well as key pieces of evidence which demonstrate the divide within the industry.
It shows how legacy airlines, such as Air France-KLM and IAG, have continued to push back against the inclusion in the EU ETS of all international flights departing Europe, arguing instead for climate policy to be enacted globally. In contrast, during the past year - for the first time - many low-cost European airlines, such as easyJet and Ryanair, have publicly supported this expansion.
The report also incorporates new FOI documents, which reveal new details on how the sector is pushing back on key climate policies. This includes:
• A newly released document obtained via FOI reveals that IAG urged the EU Commission in January 2022 to weaken the bloc's Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) mandate by limiting it to intra-EU flights and amending its phase-in timeline. This is despite the company publicly committing to power 10% of its own flights with SAF by 2030.
• The European airline sector has actively lobbied against an EU kerosene tax, including a newly released email from Air France-KLM to the EU Commission in October 2021 appearing to oppose such a tax.
• Newly released FOI documents from a June 2021 consultation process reveal opposition to the UK's Air Passenger Duty from airline groups including easyJet, IATA, IAG, Ryanair, and Wizz Air. They also show airlines including Ryanair, American Airlines, and IAG appearing to fight back against a frequent flyer levy in the UK.
In addition, the report highlights the industry's pushback against the need for modal shift or demand management policies.
Despite the IPCC's recent recommendation for such measures, the sector continues to use a range of arguments to defend ongoing air travel, including its economic benefits, equality of access, and the ability of aviation to grow sustainably. Even the highest scoring airline - easyJet - has pushed back on the need for modal shift policies.
The sector also commissioned a study which belittled the emissions savings of transitioning to rail transport.
For further information or to arrange interviews, please contact:
Simon Cullen, Communications Manager, InfluenceMap (London) E: simon.cullen {@} influencemap.org